ADAKAH KITA BOLEH HAMIL KETIKA MENGAMBIL PIL PERANCANG?
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Have you ever noticed itchy bumps on your skin after being in contact with certain food, dust, or insect bites? Well, you may be having hives!
WHAT ARE HIVES?
Hives or urticaria is an allergic disorder marked by raised oedematous red patches of skin or mucus membrane.
When an allergic reaction occurs, our body releases a chemical called histamine which makes tiny blood vessels (capillaries) under the skin leak. The fluid accumulates under the skin to form raised spots that persists until reabsorption of the fluid into the surrounding cells occur.
SYMPTOMS
Raised bumps which are red or skin-coloured with clearly defined border
Rash that turns white if pressed (blanching)
Intense itchiness, sometimes paired with pain or burning sensation
Hives may appear anywhere on the body, change shape, move around, disappear and reappear over short periods of time
Once resolved, the skin returns to normal without scarring
TYPES OF HIVES
Acute hives last less than six weeks, typically affecting the face, extremities, chest or back. Most cases are self-limited; the skin returns to normal without leaving any marks or bruising.
Chronic hives are recurrent hives, lasting more than six weeks. Often, the cause is idiopathic, and may be induced by stress or other physical stimuli.
Physical hives are hives aggravated by specific environmental or physical stimuli as below:
COLD URTICARIA. Due to exposure to low temperatures
SOLAR URTICARIA. Caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light
CHOLINERGIC URTICARIA. Also known as heat rash occurs due to excessive sweating and raised skin temperatures
PRESSURE URTICARIA. Caused by excessive pressure placed on the skin, including tight clothing or when carrying a heavy bag on the shoulder
DERMOGRAPHIC URTICARIA. Also known as urticaria factitia is caused by friction or firm stroking on the skin
VIBRATORY URTICARIA. Due to any form of vibration; including clapping, mowing the lawn or riding a motorcycle
AQUAGENIC URTICARIA. Also known as water urticaria occurs when in contact with water
CAUSES
Examples of known triggers include:
Medications including antibiotics (penicillin and sulfa drugs), ACE inhibitors used for high blood pressure, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen.
Food such as milk, soy, nuts, eggs, seafood and wheat products. Read more about food allergy here.
Viral infections such as influenza, the common cold, and hepatitis.
Bacterial infections including urinary tract infections and strep throat.
Pollen
Dust mites
Insect bites
Latex
Pet dander from cats, dogs or horses
TREATMENT
Home remedies
Keeping a record of exacerbations to help identify a trigger
Notify your doctor or pharmacist immediately if you suspect the specific medication is causing your hives
Avoiding food causing your hives
Wearing loose and lightweight clothing
Avoiding the urge to scratch
Avoiding exposure to cold air
Wearing protective clothing or apply sunblock prior to being exposed under the sun
Applying cold compress to soothe the itch and reduce swellings
Using mild soaps for sensitive skin
Taking an oatmeal bath with tepid water to relief localized inflammation
Medications
Antihistamines that are available over the counter or by prescription. They help by blocking the effects of histamines.
Corticosteroids like prednisolone to quickly bring down the swelling and itchiness. Prednisolone are used for short-term treatment due to the risks of side effects, such as osteoporosis, glaucoma and diabetes.
Hives can be managed well. However, if they start to interfere your quality of life, seek help from your doctor or an allergist.
References:
Hives (urticaria): Causes, pictures, treatments, and symptoms. Accessed December 08, 2019. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/157260
Hives: Common Rash With Many Possible Causes. Verywell Health. Accessed December 08, 2019. https://www.verywellhealth.com/urticaria-overview-1068810
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