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“You’ve got red eyes? Don’t come near me or it will “jump” to me!”
Let’s be honest, you’ve probably heard that before. I’m going to say that’s pure hoax, if not folklore my parents used to tell me. Mind you, it would be really scary if it is that contagious!
Conjunctivitis commonly known as the ‘red eyes’ or ‘pink eyes’ is a form of inflammation affecting the mucous membrane that covers the front of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids (conjunctiva). When inflamed, the conjunctiva which is generally transparent will turn red or pink which gives the condition its different layman names. The disease is generally benign although certain types of conjunctivitis can be detrimental to sights, by causing cornea scarring.
It is worth noting that patients with conjunctivitis will have red eyes but not all red eyes are conjunctivitis. Psstt….when you are raging, your bloodshot eyes may be red, but we don’t generally call that conjunctivitis.
There are numerous causes of conjunctivitis which include:
Some species of bacteria that normally cause respiratory infections (such as Staphylococcus aureus and Moraxella catarrhalis) as well as some viruses which cause common cold are typically known to also result in conjunctivitis. Bacterial and viral conjunctivitis are fairly contagious and can spread through contact with the patient’s eye discharge; for instance, rubbing your eyes after touching contaminated surfaces/items.
It is interesting to note that, some sexually transmitted bacteria such as N. gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia (commonly transmitted from genitalia to the hands and then eyes) can cause severe and sight-damaging conjunctivitis which require medical attention.
Meanwhile, some airborne allergens can also induce allergic conjunctivitis. Patients with seasonal allergy (such as hay fever), or specific allergy may have greater tendency to suffer from allergic conjunctivitis.
Patients with non-infectious, non-allergic type of conjunctivitis may have redness and discharge when irritants come into contact with the eyes. The symptoms may persist for hours after the removal of chemicals or foreign bodies from your eyes. I think all of us can now heave a sigh of relief knowing that we won’t get conjunctivitis by just looking at those red eyes. Phew….!!
Bacterial, viral and allergic conjunctivitis are commonly associated with thick eye discharges of different colours such as green, yellow or white. Your eyes are usually “stuck shut” in the morning and the discharge generally persists throughout the day. Other concurrent symptoms which can last for days include:
The good news is, most cases of conjunctivitis are generally self-resolving and the condition is not difficult to manage if the underlying cause is known.
Bacterial conjunctivitis: It is self-limiting. Antibiotics in the forms of eye drops, ointments or oral pills/tablets are useful, particularly where the patients are infected by bacteria which also cause sexual transmitted disease. These species of bacteria may cause cornea scarring if left untreated. Make sure to complete the course of antibiotic prescribed based on doctor’s instruction.
Viral conjunctivitis: Just like in common cold, symptoms should resolve within a week without treatment. If you develop blurred vision or if the symptoms persist, seek medical help immediately.
Allergic conjunctivitis: The symptoms will go away once you remove the known allergen. Antihistamines (oral formulations or eye drops) are useful to provide symptomatic relief.
Irritant induced conjunctivitis: Rinse or wash your eyes with clean water for a few minutes to remove the irritant. Symptoms should resolve within few hours after the removal of irritants. Nevertheless if the irritants are chemical compounds known to be acidic or basic, seek immediate medical attention after a thorough rinse with clean water.
Over-the-counter ‘artificial tears’ eye drops are useful to soothe the burning and itching sensations. Do speak to your pharmacist for a good recommendation of artificial tears. Avoid using steroids which can cause sight-threatening complications in addition to worsening underlying infections.
‘Artificial tears’ eye drops may help to soothe burning and itching sensations.
The following is a list of things you can do to help yourself and others around you:
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In collaboration with Dosing Health.
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